The impact of behavioral intervention on obesity mediated declines in mobility function: implications for longevity

Abstract

A primary focus of longevity research is to identify prognostic risk factors that can be mediated by early treatment efforts. To date, much of this work has focused on understanding the biological processes that may contribute to aging process and age-related disease conditions. Although such processes are undoubtedly important, no current biological intervention aimed at increasing health and lifespan exists. Interestingly, a close relationship between mobility performance and the aging process has been documented in older adults. For example, recent studies have identified functional status, as assessed by walking speed, as a strong predictor of major health outcomes, including mortality, in older adults. This paper aims to describe the relationship between the comorbidities related to decreased health and lifespan and mobility function in obese, older adults. Concurrently, lifestyle interventions, including diet and exercise, are described as a means to improve mobility function and thereby limit the functional limitations associated with increased mortality.

Figure 1

Conceptual model illustrating how obesity potentiates age-related declines in gait speed that might lead to mobility impairment, loss of independence, and mortality.

Figure 2

Theoretical illustration demonstrating the relative impact of obesity on mobility function within the context of aging and disease onset.

Figure 3

Model illustrating the potential effects that single- and multicomponent interventions have on gait speed.