Do viral infections mimic bacterial sepsis? The role of microvascular permeability: A review of mechanisms and methods
- PMID: 22068147
- DOI: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2011.10.019
Do viral infections mimic bacterial sepsis? The role of microvascular permeability: A review of mechanisms and methods
Abstract
A dysregulated immune response and functional immunosuppression have been considered the major mechanisms of the bacterial sepsis syndrome. More recently, the loss of endothelial barrier function and resultant microvascular leak have been found to be a key determinant of the pathogenesis of bacterial sepsis. Whether a similar paradigm applies to systemic viral syndromes is not known. Answering this question has far-reaching implications for the development of future anti-viral therapeutic strategies. In this review, we provide an overview of the structure and function of the endothelium and how its barrier integrity is compromised in bacterial sepsis. The various in vitro and in vivo methodologies available to investigate vascular leak are reviewed. Emphasis is placed on the advantages and limitations of cell culture techniques, which represent the most commonly used methods. Within this context, we appraise recent studies of three viruses - hantavirus, human herpes virus 8 and dengue virus - that suggest microvascular leak may play a role in the pathogenesis of these viral infections. We conclude with a discussion of how endothelial barrier breakdown may occur in other viral infections such as H5N1 avian influenza virus.
Copyright © 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Similar articles
-
The lung microvascular endothelium as a therapeutic target in severe influenza.Antiviral Res. 2013 Aug;99(2):113-8. doi: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2013.05.003. Epub 2013 May 16. Antiviral Res. 2013. PMID: 23685311 Review.
-
Endothelial activation, dysfunction and permeability during severe infections.Curr Opin Hematol. 2011 May;18(3):191-6. doi: 10.1097/MOH.0b013e328345a3d1. Curr Opin Hematol. 2011. PMID: 21423012 Review.
-
[Relationship between the endothelial barrier and vascular permeability after burns and its mechanism].Zhonghua Shao Shang Za Zhi. 2007 Oct;23(5):324-6. Zhonghua Shao Shang Za Zhi. 2007. PMID: 18396754 Review. Chinese.
-
Nitric oxide as a mediator of increased microvascular permeability during acute rickettsioses.Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2005 Dec;1063:239-45. doi: 10.1196/annals.1355.037. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2005. PMID: 16481520
-
Pericytes augment the capillary barrier in in vitro cocultures.J Surg Res. 2001 May 1;97(1):85-91. doi: 10.1006/jsre.2001.6117. J Surg Res. 2001. PMID: 11319886
Cited by
-
Comparison of the Pathogenesis of the Angola and Ravn Strains of Marburg Virus in the Outbred Guinea Pig Model.J Infect Dis. 2015 Oct 1;212 Suppl 2(Suppl 2):S258-70. doi: 10.1093/infdis/jiv182. Epub 2015 Jun 19. J Infect Dis. 2015. PMID: 26092858 Free PMC article.
-
Influenza virus-related critical illness: pathophysiology and epidemiology.Crit Care. 2019 Jul 19;23(1):258. doi: 10.1186/s13054-019-2539-x. Crit Care. 2019. PMID: 31324202 Free PMC article. Review.
-
Epidemiology and Immune Pathogenesis of Viral Sepsis.Front Immunol. 2018 Sep 27;9:2147. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.02147. eCollection 2018. Front Immunol. 2018. PMID: 30319615 Free PMC article. Review.
-
Cerebral Vasomotor Reactivity in COVID-19: A Narrative Review.Life (Basel). 2023 Jul 24;13(7):1614. doi: 10.3390/life13071614. Life (Basel). 2023. PMID: 37511989 Free PMC article. Review.
-
How will physicians respond to the next influenza pandemic?Clin Infect Dis. 2014 Jan;58(2):233-7. doi: 10.1093/cid/cit695. Epub 2013 Oct 21. Clin Infect Dis. 2014. PMID: 24145877 Free PMC article.
Publication types
MeSH terms
Grants and funding
LinkOut - more resources
Full Text Sources
Other Literature Sources
Medical