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Review
. 2010 Aug;2(8):2132-57.
doi: 10.3390/toxins2082132. Epub 2010 Aug 10.

Toxin mediated diarrhea in the 21 century: the pathophysiology of intestinal ion transport in the course of ETEC, V. cholerae and rotavirus infection

Sascha Kopic  1 , John P Geibel
Affiliations
Review

Toxin mediated diarrhea in the 21 century: the pathophysiology of intestinal ion transport in the course of ETEC, V. cholerae and rotavirus infection

Sascha Kopic et al. Toxins (Basel). 2010 Aug.

Abstract

An estimated 4 billion episodes of diarrhea occur each year. As a result, 2-3 million children and 0.5-1 million adults succumb to the consequences of this major healthcare concern. The majority of these deaths can be attributed to toxin mediated diarrhea by infectious agents, such as E. coli, V. cholerae or Rotavirus. Our understanding of the pathophysiological processes underlying these infectious diseases has notably improved over the last years. This review will focus on the cellular mechanism of action of the most common enterotoxins and the latest specific therapeutic approaches that have been developed to contain their lethal effects.

Keywords: LT-I; NSP4; STa; cholera; enterotoxigenic E. coli; enterotoxin.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Model summarizing cellular processes during STa mediated diarrhea.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Model summarizing cellular processes during CTX mediated diarrhea.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Model summarizing cellular processes during NSP4 mediated diarrhea.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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