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Review
. 2011 Aug;3(8):1038-1064.
doi: 10.3390/toxins3081038. Epub 2011 Aug 22.

Modes of action of microbially-produced phytotoxins

Stephen O Duke  1 , Franck E Dayan  1
Affiliations
Review

Modes of action of microbially-produced phytotoxins

Stephen O Duke et al. Toxins (Basel). 2011 Aug.

Erratum in

  • Toxins (Basel). 2012;4(10):955

Abstract

Some of the most potent phytotoxins are synthesized by microbes. A few of these share molecular target sites with some synthetic herbicides, but many microbial toxins have unique target sites with potential for exploitation by the herbicide industry. Compounds from both non-pathogenic and pathogenic microbes are discussed. Microbial phytotoxins with modes of action the same as those of commercial herbicides and those with novel modes of action of action are covered. Examples of the compounds discussed are tentoxin, AAL-toxin, auscaulitoxin aglycone, hydantocidin, thaxtomin, and tabtoxin.

Keywords: antibiotic; herbicide; phytotoxin.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Structures of some microbial compounds known or thought to inhibit amino transferases.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Structure of rhizobitoxine.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Structures of glutamate synthase and glutamine synthetase inhibitors from microbes.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Phaseolotoxin and PSorn.
Figure 5
Figure 5
Structure of thaxtomin A.
Figure 6
Figure 6
Microbially-derived phytotoxins that act on energy transfer functions.
Figure 7
Figure 7
Jasmonic acid and phytotoxin analogs.
Figure 8
Figure 8
Microbial compounds that affect lipid synthesis.
Figure 9
Figure 9
Microbially-produced compounds that affect membrane function.
Figure 10
Figure 10
Structures of some microbially produced plant mitosis disruptors.
Figure 11
Figure 11
Microbial compounds that inhibit nucleic acid synthesis.
Figure 12
Figure 12
Structures of some photodynamic microbial phytotoxins.
Figure 13
Figure 13
Microbial phytotoxins that inhibit protein synthesis.
Figure 14
Figure 14
Microbial phytotoxins that directly bind proteins.
Figure 15
Figure 15
The inactive (left) and activated (right) forms of anhydro-D-glucitol.
Figure 16
Figure 16
Microbial phytotoxins that inhibit terpenoid synthesis.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

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