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Editorial
. 2011 Nov 15;184(10):1105-6.
doi: 10.1164/rccm.201108-1573ED.

Physiologic phenotypes of sleep apnea pathogenesis

Alan R Schwartz, Hartmut Schneider, Philip L Smith, Brian M McGinley, Susheel P Patil, Jason P Kirkness
Editorial

Physiologic phenotypes of sleep apnea pathogenesis

Alan R Schwartz et al. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. .
No abstract available

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Figures

Figure 1.
Figure 1.
Schematic illustrating intermediate physiologic phenotypes for sleep apnea pathogenesis. Pharyngeal mechanical loads elevate passive Pcrit (left panel). Dynamic collapse of the airway leads to the development of inspiratory airflow limitation (middle panel), as characterized by a plateauing of the inspiratory airflow waveform (I = inspiration, E = expiration) at a maximal level (Vimax) as effort increases (not shown). Compensatory neural responses (right panel) mitigate the fall in ventilation by increasing Vimax (upper right panel) or inspiratory duty cycle (lower right panel). Compensatory increases in mean inspiratory airflow (Vt/Ti) and inspiratory duty cycle (Ti/Ttot) restore minute ventilation, as described in the equation, where Vt is tidal volume, Ti is inspiratory time, and Ttot is the respiratory cycle period. E, expiration; I, inspiration.
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