Role of the amino-terminal transmembrane domain of sulfonylurea receptor SUR2B for coupling to K(IR)6.2, ligand binding, and oligomerization

Abstract

ATP-sensitive K(+) (K(ATP)) channels consist of two types of subunits, K(IR)6.x that form the pore, and sulfonylurea receptors (SURs) that serve as regulatory subunits. SURs are ATP-binding cassette (ABC) proteins and contain, in addition to two nucleotide binding folds, the binding sites for channel openers such as diazoxide and P1075 and channel inhibitors such as glibenclamide (GBC) and repaglinide. Structurally, SURs differ from most eukaryotic ABC proteins by an additional amino-terminal transmembrane domain (TMD0); in case of SUR1, the subunit of the pancreatic K(ATP) channel, TMD0 serves as a major domain for association with K(IR). In this study we sought to elucidate the roles of TMD0 in SUR2B, the smooth muscle gating subunit, in the coupling between SUR2B and K(IR)6.2, in the self-association of SUR2B and in channel modulator binding to SUR2B. SUR2B has a weaker affinity for sulfonylureas thus SUR2B(Y1206S), with a higher affinity for GBC, but an equivalent opener binding was used. Association of SUR2B(YS)Δ, lacking TMD0, with K(IR)6.2 was shown by immunoprecipitation; however, no evidence for formation of functional channels was obtained. SUR2B(YS)Δ self-associates like SUR2B(YS) and binds GBC, repaglinide, and P1075 with slightly reduced affinities. The binding profile of the SUR2B(YS)Δ/K(IR)6.2 complex differs slightly but significantly from that of SUR2B(YS)Δ alone showing impaired allosteric coupling of binding sites. We conclude that TMD0 is not required for oligomerization of SUR2B, is of only minor importance in ligand binding, but is essential for both functional and allosteric coupling of SUR2B to K(IR)6.2.