[Comparison on the efficacy of biphasic insulin aspart 30 and premixed human insulin 30/70 through continuous glucose monitoring system]

Abstract

Objective: To compare the blood glucose levels and variability of premixed insulin aspart (BIAsp 30) with human insulin premix (BHI 30) used in a twice a day injection regimen in elderly type 2 diabetes patients.

Methods: 52 cases of inadequate glycemia controlled by oral anti-diabetic drugs were randomly divided into two groups, treated on a twice-daily regimen with BIAsp 30 (n = 26) and BHI 30 (n = 26) respectively. After achieving the target goal, a continuous glucose monitoring system (CGMS) was used to compare the blood glucose levels, blood glucose fluctuant coefficient (BGFC), postprandial glucose excursion (PPGE), and occurrence of hypoglycemia.

Results: BIAsp 30 was as effective as BHI 30 in control glycaemia. Detected by CGMS, there was no statistical differences in blood glucose levels among pre-three main meals, post-lunch and the mean blood glucose (MBG) (all P > 0.05). The BGFC levels were significantly lower in the BIAsp 30 group than in the BHI 30 group [(1.69 ± 0.42) mmol/L vs. (2.07 ± 0.51) mmol/L, t = -3.013, P < 0.01]. The blood glucose increment over breakfast, dinner and the percentage of time at hyperglycaemia (BG > 11.1 mmol/L) were lower in the BIAsp 30 group than in the BHI 30 group [(2.89 ± 1.32) mmol/L vs. (3.83 ± 1.18) mmol/L, t = -2.705, P < 0.01; (2.69 ± 1.37) mmol/L vs. (3.55 ± 1.40) mmol/L, t = -2.232, P < 0.05; (6.21 ± 6.04)% vs. (10.01 ± 6.80)%, t = -2.132, P < 0.05]. The frequency of hypoglycemia was lower in the BIAsp 30 group than in the BHI 30 group, but there was no statistical difference (P > 0.05).

Conclusion: Pre-meal injection of BIAsp 30 in a twice-daily regimen could significantly improve the control of postprandial glucose level and reduce the overall glucose excursions so as to lower the risk of hypoglycaemia when compared to BHI 30.