Evaluation of a hydrogel based breast biopsy marker (HydroMARK®) as an alternative to wire and radioactive seed localization for non-palpable breast lesions

Abstract

Background and objectives: HydroMARK® is a newly available biopsy marker for image-guided needle biopsies of non-palpable breast lesions. Objective was to determine if the marker could be utilized independently for lesion localization using intra-operative ultrasound alone.

Methods: A single institution retrospective review identified patients who underwent surgical excision of breast lesions after placement of the HydroMARK®. Endpoints included intra-operative visualization of the marker, successful excision of the lesion, and presence of the marker on specimen radiograph.

Results: The study included 31 lesions in 25 patients. Twenty-nine (93.6%) HydroMARKSs® were adequately visualized by intra-operative ultrasound. Intra-operative ultrasound without pre-operative placement of a localizing device was successful for localization in six cases (19.4%). Intra-operative difficulties were encountered in 16 of 31 (51.6%) procedures. This included either extrusion of the marker when the biopsy tract was transected in 14 (45.2%) cases or migration of the marker prior to the procedure in two (6.4%) cases. The marker was visualized on specimen radiograph in 15 (48.4%) cases.

Conclusions: While intraoperative sonographic visibility was excellent, a large number of excisions were associated with extrusion of the marker. Modifications are needed to improve acceptability of this marker for intra-operative localization independent of pre-operative wire or seed localization.