Endometriosis of the appendix: Report of three cases

Abstract

Endometriosis of the appendix is an entity of extragonadal endometriosis. It commonly affects women in the childbearing age with a wide spectrum of clinical manifestations. Women can present with symptoms mimicking acute appendicitis or chronic pelvic pain. The surgical management varies from simple appendectomy to right hemicolectomy depending on the clinical findings. We report 3 cases of endometriosis of the appendix presenting with appendiceal intussusception. The surgical literature is reviewed and current surgical management is discussed.

Keywords: Appendix; Case report; Endometriosis; Intussusception.

Fig. 1

Endoscopic picture showing inverted appendiceal submucosal mass (black arrow).

Fig. 2

Abdominal computed tomographic scan showing dilated fluid filled appendix and the tip of the appendix.

Fig. 3

Endoscopic pictures showing inverted appendix (black arrows).

Fig. 4

Microscopic picture of the appendix showing endometrial stroma (black arrow) and endometrial gland (blue arrow).