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. 2009 May;2(2):103-12.
doi: 10.1055/s-0029-1215873.

Complications in pediatric facial fractures

Mimi T Chao  1 , Joseph E Losee
Affiliations

Complications in pediatric facial fractures

Mimi T Chao et al. Craniomaxillofac Trauma Reconstr. 2009 May.

Abstract

Despite recent advances in the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of pediatric facial fractures, little has been published on the complications of these fractures. The existing literature is highly variable regarding both the definition and the reporting of adverse events. Although the incidence of pediatric facial fractures is relative low, they are strongly associated with other serious injuries. Both the fractures and their treatment may have long-term consequence on growth and development of the immature face. This article is a selective review of the literature on facial fracture complications with special emphasis on the complications unique to pediatric patients. We also present our classification system to evaluate adverse outcomes associated with pediatric facial fractures. Prospective, long-term studies are needed to fully understand and appreciate the complexity of treating children with facial fractures and determining the true incidence, subsequent growth, and nature of their complications.

Keywords: Pediatric facial fracture; complications.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Bad scarring following facial trauma and fracture.
Figure 2
Figure 2
(A) Adolescent with right zygomaticomaxillary complex (ZMC) fracture. (B) Bite demonstrating malocclusion associated with greenstick atypical ZMC fracture. (C) Malocclusion associated with greenstick atypical ZMC fracture. (D) Dental cast of malocclusion.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Preadolescent with follow-up saddlenose deformity following facial trauma and nasal fracture as infant.
Figure 4
Figure 4
(A) Older child with developmental malocclusion following open reduction, internal fixation (ORIF) of mandibular fracture with titanium plate and screws. (B) Panorex X-ray of pediatric mandibular fracture treated with metallic ORIF.
Figure 5
Figure 5
Open reduction, internal fixation (ORIF) of infant mandibular fracture with resorbable plate on inferior border of mandible, access through facial laceration.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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