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. 2012 Apr;132(4):535-46.
doi: 10.1007/s00402-011-1432-0. Epub 2011 Nov 24.

Cementless total hip arthroplasty in rheumatoid arthritis: a systematic review of the literature

Rob E Zwartelé  1 , Suzanne Witjes, H Cornelis Doets, Theo Stijnen, Rudolf G Pöll
Affiliations

Cementless total hip arthroplasty in rheumatoid arthritis: a systematic review of the literature

Rob E Zwartelé et al. Arch Orthop Trauma Surg. 2012 Apr.

Abstract

Background: Compromised rheumatic bone is a potential risk factor for mechanical complications in cementless total hip arthroplasty (THA) in cases of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Increased rates of intra-operative fractures, component migration and (early) aseptic loosening are to be expected. Despite this, cementless THA is performed in cases of RA.

Methods: A literature search on cementless THA in RA was performed in EMBASE (1993-2011), Medline (1966-2011) and the Cochrane Library. A systematic review was conducted with a special emphasis on mechanical complications.

Results: Twenty-three case series and five studies of implant registries were included. Acetabular fractures and/or migration of the cup were reported in 9 out of 22 studies of the cup. Proximal femoral fractures and/or subsidence of the stem were reported in 14 out of 20 studies of the stem. Six studies compared failure rates of uncemented and cemented components due to aseptic loosening. The overall failure rate ratio (uncemented/cemented) for the cup was 0.6 (95% CI: 0.14-2.60) and for the stem 0.71 (95% CI: 0.06-8.55), both favoring uncemented fixation. The failure rates in case series without a control group were compared to the NICE criteria (failure rate/1). The overall failure rate for the cup was 0.97 (95% CI: 0.50-1.88) and for the stem 0.79 (95% CI: 0.44-1.41). Failure rates of aseptic loosening of higher than 1 (favoring cemented fixation) were reported in 6 out of 26 studies of the cup and in 2 out of 25 studies of the stem. In all these studies, the inferior implant designs were blamed, and not the type of fixation or the quality of the bone.

Conclusions: Despite substantial rates of mechanical stem complications, no evidence was found to establish that cementless components perform less well than cemented components. The results justify the use of cementless THA in RA patients.

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Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Comparative studies of cup. Failure rate of cementless cups compared to cemented cups. A ratio of 1 means no difference between the groups, more than 1 means higher failure rate for cementless cups and vice versa. Random effects Poisson model calculated overall as described in the text
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Case series of cup. Failure rate of cementless cups in relation to the NICE criteria. A ratio of more than 1 means a higher rate of failure than the minimal NICE criteria
Fig. 3
Fig. 3
Comparative studies of stem. Failure rate of cementless stems compared to cemented stems. A ratio of 1 means no difference between the groups, more than 1 means higher failure rate for cementless stems and vice versa. Random effects Poisson model calculated overall as described in the text
Fig. 4
Fig. 4
Case series of stem. Failure rate of cementless stems in relation to the NICE criteria. A rate of more than 1 means a higher rate of failure than the minimal NICE criteria
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