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. 2011:17:2856-63.
Epub 2011 Nov 9.

Aqueous cytokine and growth factor levels do not reliably reflect those levels found in the vitreous

Stephanie M Ecker  1 , Joshua C Hines, Scott M Pfahler, Bert M Glaser
Affiliations

Aqueous cytokine and growth factor levels do not reliably reflect those levels found in the vitreous

Stephanie M Ecker et al. Mol Vis. 2011.

Abstract

Purpose: Recent studies have illuminated the vitreous proteome as a potentially important diagnostic tool that will predict disease progression and response to treatment, in eyes with retinal disease. Studies to date have demonstrated correlations of protein levels between vitreous and aqueous humor. Because these results are un-expected and analysis was only done on a few endpoints, the present study further analyzes the relationship between aqueous and vitreous by probing a wide array of proteins in patients with posterior segment diseases.

Methods: Anterior chamber aqueous fluid was obtained using a limbal approach with a 30 gauge needle. Immediately following, the vitreous sample was obtained via a pars plana approach. A 25 gauge needle with a 1 ml syringe was directed into the mid-vitreous cavity and vitreous fluid was gently aspirated. Aqueous and vitreous samples were then analyzed using the quantitative native protein analysis method called reverse phase protein microarray technology (RPPM).

Results: The entire sample population (n=11) was probed against 34 proteins, revealing 8 proteins that significantly correlate, 3 proteins that trend to correlation but fell short of significance and 23 proteins that have no correlation between the vitreous and aqueous humor.

Conclusions: Proteins in the aqueous cannot be assumed to correlate with their counterparts in the vitreous.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Demonstrates how the ratio of vitreous to aqueous protein levels is relatively constant for 2 proteins that showed a good correlation between the aqueous and vitreous. Patient 1 has no ratio level for CF-H because there was no detectable expression of this protein in the aqueous sample.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Graphical representation of the ratio of vitreous to aqueous levels of PEDF and TNF-α. These graphs display the marked difference in correlation of vitreous and aqueous protein levels from patient to patient.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Represents the difference in the protein level ratios between aqueous and vitreous samples that were taken pre and post vitrectomy (Patient 1 and Patient 1*, respectively).
Figure 4
Figure 4
A cross-cut illustration demonstrating how proteins are likely to be produced in the aqueous and vitreous.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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