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. 2011 Oct;15 Suppl 4(Suppl4):S374-9.
doi: 10.4103/2230-8210.86982.

Management of diabetic hypertensives

Jai Ganesh  1 , Vijay Viswanathan
Affiliations

Management of diabetic hypertensives

Jai Ganesh et al. Indian J Endocrinol Metab. 2011 Oct.

Abstract

Hypertension occurs twice as commonly in diabetics than in comparable nondiabetics. Patients with both disorders have a markedly higher risk for premature microvascular and macrovascular complications. Aggressive control of blood pressure (BP) reduces both micro- and macrovascular complications. In diabetic hypertensives, angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) are the first line in management of hypertension, and can be replaced by angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs) if patients are intolerant of them. Recent studies suggest ARBs to be on par with ACEI in reducing both macro- and microvascular risks. Adding both these agents may have a beneficial effect on proteinuria, but no extra macrovascular risk reduction. Thiazides can also be used as first line drugs, but are better used along with ACEI/ARBs. Beta-blockers [especially if the patient has coronary artery disease] and calcium channel blockers are used as second line add-on drugs. Multidrug regimens are commonly needed in diabetic hypertensives. Achieving the target BP of <130/80 is the priority rather than the drug combination used in order to arrest and prevent the progression of macro- and microvascular complications in diabetic hypertensives.

Keywords: Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor; angiotensin II receptor blockers; diabetes mellitus; hypertension; life-style modification.

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Conflict of interest statement

Conflict of Interest: None declared.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Algorithm for management of hypertension in diabetes
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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