Endoscopic stenting is not as effective for palliation of colorectal obstruction in patients with advanced gastric cancer as emergency surgery

Abstract

Background: Although self-expandable metal stent (SEMS) insertion has been shown to be an effective therapy for palliation of obstruction from colorectal malignancy, the clinical efficacy of SEMS insertion in the palliation of colorectal obstruction from an extracolonic malignancy (ECM) has not been extensively evaluated.

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical outcomes and complications of SEMSs compared with those of emergency surgery for relief of colorectal obstruction in patients with advanced gastric cancer (AGC).

Design: Retrospective study.

Patients: From January 2000 to December 2009, patients with AGC who were treated with SEMSs (N = 111) or emergency surgery (N = 69) for palliation of malignant colorectal obstruction were included.

Intervention: SEMS insertion or surgery.

Results: Although acute complications and stoma formations were lower in the SEMS group than in the surgery group, the clinical efficacy of SEMSs was inferior to emergency surgery (technical success, 73.9% vs 94.2%, P = .001; clinical success, 54.1% vs 75.4%, P = .005). SEMS-related complications occurred in 64.5%, including reobstruction (36.8%), stent migration (10.5%), perforation (13.2%), and bleeding (3.9%). The median duration of patency was not statistically different between the patients who underwent SEMS insertion and those who underwent emergency surgery (117 days vs 183 days, P = .105). Patients with fewer than 2 obstructive sites or less than 2 years to obstructive symptom onset after diagnosis of AGC showed better clinical outcomes after endoscopic stenting.

Limitations: Retrospective and single-center study.

Conclusions: SEMS insertion seems to be less effective than emergency surgery for the palliation of colorectal obstruction in patients with AGC. Further study is necessary to define those patients with ECM who may benefit from SEMS insertion.