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. 2011:2011:712165.
doi: 10.1155/2011/712165. Epub 2011 Nov 24.

Aquatic exercise programs for children and adolescents with cerebral palsy: what do we know and where do we go?

J W Gorter  1 , S J Currie
Affiliations

Aquatic exercise programs for children and adolescents with cerebral palsy: what do we know and where do we go?

J W Gorter et al. Int J Pediatr. 2011.

Abstract

Aquatic exercise programs may be a beneficial form of therapy for children and adolescents with cerebral palsy (CP), particularly for those with significant movement limitations where land-based physical activity is difficult. The most recently published systematic review (2005) on aquatic interventions in children with CP found supportive but insufficient evidence on its effectiveness. The aim of this paper is to review recently published literature since 2005 with a focus on aquatic exercise for children with CP. In total, six new studies were published with a main focus on aerobic aquatic interventions in higher functioning children and adolescents with CP. Swimming is one of the most frequently reported physical activities in children and adolescents with CP. Therefore, information on its safety and benefits is highly needed, for those with more severe CP in particular. Research design issues are discussed to help guide future research and practice.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
World Health Organization model of the international classification of functioning, disability and health for children and youth (ICF-CY). Body functions are physiological functions of body systems (including psychological functions). Body structures are anatomical parts of the body such as organs, limbs, and their components. Impairments are problems in body function or structure such as a significant deviation or loss. Activity is the execution of a task or action by an individual. Participation is involvement in a life situation. Activity limitations are difficulties an individual may have in executing activities. Participation restrictions are problems an individual may experience in involvement in life situations. Environmental factors make up the physical, social, and attitudinal environment in which people live and conduct their lives. Personal factors are features of the individual that are not part of a health condition or health state.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Flow chart.
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