[Drug induced allergic interstitial nephritis]

Abstract

The allergic interstitial nephritis (AIN) is a rare renal disorder which is commonly clinically presented with an acute renal failure. AIN is the most frequent result of the hypersensitivity related to drugs (most often antibiotics). In the patients with clinical suspicion to a drug related AIN, kidney biopsy is the most important diagnostic procedure. Except of causative drug discontinuation, AIN therapy is based on high dose glucocorticoids 1 mg/kg/day with dose tapering during consecutive 3 months. In the present work, we have shown 10 patients with drug induced AIN. We identified 4 causative drug groups among which most frequent were antibiotics. In clinical presentation of our patients acute renal failure was dominant and median of baseline serum creatinine was 497.5 micromol/L. In all patients the kidney biopsy was performed and nine patients (90%) have been treated with recommended glucocorticoid regimen, additionally, in 3 patients hemodialysis was introduced. In all patients, reduction in serum creatinine value was achieved with serum creatinine median of 152 micromol/L after a three-month glucocorticoid treatment (p=0.018).