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Comparative Study
. 2012 Jan;159B(1):87-93.
doi: 10.1002/ajmg.b.32005. Epub 2011 Dec 13.

Computerized neurocognitive profile in young people with 22q11.2 deletion syndrome compared to youths with schizophrenia and at-risk for psychosis

Paula C Goldenberg  1 , Monica E Calkins, Jan Richard, Donna McDonald-McGinn, Elaine Zackai, Nandita Mitra, Beverly Emanuel, Marcella Devoto, Karin Borgmann-Winter, Christian Kohler, Catherine G Conroy, Ruben C Gur, Raquel E Gur
Affiliations
Comparative Study

Computerized neurocognitive profile in young people with 22q11.2 deletion syndrome compared to youths with schizophrenia and at-risk for psychosis

Paula C Goldenberg et al. Am J Med Genet B Neuropsychiatr Genet. 2012 Jan.

Abstract

Adults with 22q11.2 Deletion syndrome (22q11DS) have increased prevalence of schizophrenia features. Our goal is to compare the neurocognitive profile in 22q11DS, schizophrenia and individuals at risk for schizophrenia. Twenty-one 22q11DS patients (8-32 years, mean 14.9 years, 15M, 6F) were matched to four comparison groups on age: low risk (n = 21), first-degree family members of schizophrenia patients (genetic risk, n = 20), individuals exhibiting putatively prodromal symptoms (clinical risk, n = 19), and patients with schizophrenia (n = 21). All participants received semi-structured interviews [Diagnostic Interview for Genetic Studies (DIGS) and the Structured Interview for Prodromal Syndromes (SIPS)], and a computerized neurocognitive battery (CNB) measuring the following domains: Abstraction and Mental Flexibility, Attention, Working Memory, Verbal Memory, Face Memory, Spatial Memory, Language, Spatial Processing, Sensorimotor Dexterity, and Emotion Processing. Sixty percent of 22q11DS participants met SIPS criteria for prodromal symptoms and one participant met criteria for paranoid schizophrenia. Thirty-eight percent met criteria for Depressive Disorders. All 22q11DS participants successfully completed the CNB. 22q11DS participants were significantly less accurate in nearly all domains, but had similar speed of response compared to the other groups. Their profile resembled that of the psychosis groups in accuracy and speed, except for more pronounced deficits in accuracy for face memory and emotion processing. Subthreshold psychotic symptoms are present in a high proportion of 22q11DS participants. Deficits shown in the CNB are more pronounced for accuracy than speed relative to the psychosis groups with similar profiles. Similar deficits have been described in the 22q11DS population using non-computerized measures, which require increased testing time.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1. Accuracy in Computerized Neurocognitive Battery Response
ABF Abstraction and Mental Flexibility, ATT Attention, WM Working Memory, VMEM Verbal Memory, FMEM Face Memory, SMEM Spatial Memory, SPA Spatial Reasoning, EMO Emotion Differentiation, VR Verbal Reasoning, LMEM List Memory
Figure 2
Figure 2. Speed of Correct Response in Computerized Neurocognitive Battery
ABF Abstraction and Mental Flexibility, ATT Attention, WM Working Memory, VMEM Verbal Memory, FMEM Face Memory, SMEM Spatial Memory, SPA Spatial Reasoning, SM Sensorimotor, EMO Emotion Differentiation, VR Verbal Reasoning, MOT Finger Tapping
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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