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Review
. 2012:2012:516981.
doi: 10.1155/2012/516981. Epub 2011 Nov 24.

Cancer chemoprevention by citrus pulp and juices containing high amounts of β-cryptoxanthin and hesperidin

Takuji Tanaka  1 , Takahiro Tanaka, Mayu Tanaka, Toshiya Kuno
Affiliations
Review

Cancer chemoprevention by citrus pulp and juices containing high amounts of β-cryptoxanthin and hesperidin

Takuji Tanaka et al. J Biomed Biotechnol. 2012.

Abstract

β-Cryptoxanthin, a carotenoid, and hesperidin, a flavonoid, possess inhibitory effects on carcinogenesis in several tissues. We recently have prepared a pulp (CHRP) and citrus juices (MJ2 and MJ5) from a satsuma mandarin (Citrus unshiu Mar.) juice (MJ). They contain high amounts of β-cryptoxanthin and hesperidin. We have demonstrated that CHRP and/or MJs inhibit chemically induced rat colon, rat tongue, and mouse lung tumorigenesis. Gavage with CHRP resulted in an increase of activities of detoxifying enzymes in the liver, colon, and tongue rats'. CHRP and MJs were also able to suppress the expression of proinflammatory cytokines and inflammatory enzymes in the target tissues. This paper describes the findings of our in vivo preclinical experiments to develop a strategy for cancer chemoprevention of colon, tongue, and lung neoplasms by use of CHRP and MJs.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
3D chemical structures of (a) β-cryptoxanthin and (b) hesperidin.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Dietary CHRP suppresses AOM-induced colonic aberrant crypt foci (ACF) in rats.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Dietary CHRP inhibits AOM-induced colonic adenocarcinoma (ADC) in rats.
Figure 4
Figure 4
CHRP in diet suppresses 4-NQO-induced rat tongue squamous cell carcinoma (SCC).
Figure 5
Figure 5
MJs suppress AOM-induced colonic adenocarcinoma (ADCs) in rats.
Figure 6
Figure 6
MJs inhibit NNK-induced lung tumors in mice.
Figure 7
Figure 7
Dietary CHRP lowers mRNA expression of proinflammatory cytokines in the tongue of rats that received 4-NQO at week 8 of the study.
Figure 8
Figure 8
Dietary CHRP suppresses mRNA expression of inflammatory enzymes, Cox-2 and iNOS, in the tongue of rats that received 4-NQO at week 8 of the study.
Figure 9
Figure 9
MJs lower mRNA expression of proinflammatory cytokines in the colonic mucosa of rats that received AOM at week 4 of the study.
Figure 10
Figure 10
MJs suppress mRNA expression of inflammatory enzymes, Cox-2 and iNOS, in the colonic mucosa of rats that received AOM at week 4 of the study.
Figure 11
Figure 11
Working hypothesis of the involvement of inflammation in multistage carcinogenesis.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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