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Review
. 2012 Mar;9(1):34-43.
doi: 10.1007/s11904-011-0100-x.

Gene array studies in HIV-1 infection

Rajeev Mehla  1 , Velpandi Ayyavoo
Affiliations
Review

Gene array studies in HIV-1 infection

Rajeev Mehla et al. Curr HIV/AIDS Rep. 2012 Mar.

Abstract

HIV-1-infected individuals exhibit remarkable variation in the onset of disease. Virus replication and disease progression depend on host cellular transcription and gene regulation in virus-specific target cells. Both viral and host factors are implicated in this differential regulation. Gene arrays and transcriptome analyses might shed light on why some infected individuals remain asymptomatic while others progress rapidly to AIDS. Here we review developments in HIV research using gene array technologies and the unifying concepts that have emerged from these studies. Gene set enrichment analysis has revealed gene signatures linked to disease progression involving pathways related to metabolism, apoptosis, cell-cycle dysregulation, and T-cell signaling. Macrophages contain anti-apoptotic signatures. Also, HIV-1 regulates previously under-emphasized cholesterol biosynthesis and energy production pathways. Notably, cellular pathways linked to a subset of HIV-infected individuals known as non-progressors contribute to survival and anti-viral responses.

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Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Chronological analysis of developments in gene array studies related to HIVand the outcome/novel concepts that emerged from these studies. Graph represents average year-wise published HIV-related gene array studies, retrieved from database searches, manual literature search, and cross-referencing
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