Pulmonary embolism in children

Abstract

Pulmonary embolism (PE) has long been described in children. Nevertheless, most of the algorithms applied to patients within this age range, from diagnosis to therapy, have been adapted from adult protocols. This article reviews the progresses that occurred to PE in children placing them in historical perspective with the key events relevant to PE in adults. A brief summary of the initial reports encountered in the pediatric literature followed by key conclusions drawn from national database reports characterizing its epidemiology in children is highlighted. Additionally, a section with the diagnostic tools pertaining to children is included. Closing remarks encompass commentaries related to therapy and outcomes, reflecting on current knowledge gaps related to PE in children.