Ameloblastic carcinoma

Abstract

Ameloblastic carcinoma (AC) is a rare aggressive malignant epithelial odontogenic tumor of the maxillofacial skeleton with a distinct predilection in the mandible. It may appear de novo or originate from a pre-existing ameloblastoma or odontogenic cyst. It exhibits cytological features of ameloblastoma and carcinoma. It may present as a cystic lesion with benign clinical features or as a large tissue mass with ulceration, significant bone resorption and tooth mobility. The clinical course of ameloblastic carcinoma is typically aggressive, with extensive local destruction. Direct extension of the tumour, lymph node involvement and metastasis to various sites has been reported. Wide local excision is the treatment of choice. Regional lymph node dissection should be considered and performed selectively. Radiotherapy and chemotherapy have limited role in the treatment of ameloblastic carcinomas. Close periodic reassessment of the patient is mandatory.

Keywords: Ameloblastic carcinoma; Ameloblastoma; Odontogenic tumor.

Fig. 1

Preoperative photograph of the patient showing slight swelling at right side

Fig. 2

Intra oral photograph

Fig. 3

OPG showing radiolucency at right side

Fig. 4

Computed tomogram coronal view

Fig. 5

Computed tomogram axial view

Fig. 6

Histopathology of the lesion, inset picture showing high magnification of the lesion