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. 2011 Winter;20(1):14-27.
doi: 10.1891/1058-1243.20.1.14.

Japanese Translation and Cultural Adaptation of the Listening to Mothers II Questionnaire

Rieko Kishi, Beverly McElmurry, Susan Vonderheid, Susan Altfeld, Barbara McFarlin, Junko Tashiro

Japanese Translation and Cultural Adaptation of the Listening to Mothers II Questionnaire

Rieko Kishi et al. J Perinat Educ. 2011 Winter.

Abstract

The questionnaire used for the U.S. Listening to Mothers II survey was translated and culturally adapted to measure Japanese women's experience during the period of pregnancy planning through early postpartum. Methods included expert panels and two phases of cognitive interviews with 20 postpartum Japanese adult women. The number of problems with the translated questionnaire effectively decreased in the iterative process. Most problems were found in the question-interpretation stage of cognitive processing, such as wording/tone. Culture-specific concepts and unclear items were adapted to prevent erroneous interpretations in future studies. The future use of this questionnaire to generate data sets will be useful for professionals interested in developing evidence-based practices. The knowledge from this study can be helpful in improving health-care services and education for women with diverse languages and cultural backgrounds.

Keywords: Japanese women; Listening to Mothers II survey; childbirth; pregnancy; survey translation.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Number of changes made in the J-LTM-II questionnaire.
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