Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
. 2011 Dec;8(4):334-9.
doi: 10.4306/pi.2011.8.4.334. Epub 2011 Dec 8.

Exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis of the korean version of hypomania checklist-32

Doyoun An  1 , Kyung Sue Hong, Ji-Hae Kim
Affiliations

Exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis of the korean version of hypomania checklist-32

Doyoun An et al. Psychiatry Investig. 2011 Dec.

Abstract

Objective: The Hypomania Checklist - 32 (HCL-32) is a self-assessment instrument developed by Angst et al. (2005) to identify bipolarity in the general population, as well as patients with unipolar depression. The principal objective of this study was to assess the factor structure of the Korean version of the HCL-32 for mood disorder patients, via exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA).

Methods: The Korean version of HCL-32 were evaluated in a sample of 608 mood disorder patients, including 210 bipolar disorder patients and 398 unipolar disorder patients, all of whom were diagnosed in accordance with either the Structured Clinical Interview of DSM-IV or Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview They were divided randomly into two groups, and then the EFA was administered to group 1 and the CFA was administered to group 2.

Results: A 3-factor structure for the HCL-32 was generated, which explained 44% of the total variance from EFA. Factor 1, comprising 18 items, was designated as 'elated mood/increased energy'; factor 2, comprising 8 items, was designated as 'risk-taking behavior/irritability'; and factor 3, comprising 2 items, was designated as 'increased sexual activity'. Researchers confirmed the 3-factor solution derived from group 1 by the CFA.

Conclusion: The primary findings of this study were the replication and confirmation of the 3-factor structure in Korean mood disorder patients; our results were consistent with previous EFAs.

Keywords: Bipolar Disorder; Factor analysis; Hypomania Checklist-32 (HCL-32).

PubMed Disclaimer

References

    1. American Psychiatric Association. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. Fourth Edition. Test Revision. Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Association; 2000.
    1. Hantouche EG, Akiskal HS, Lancrenon S, Allilaire JF, Sechter D, Azorin JM, et al. Systematic clinical methodology for validating bipolar-II disorder: data in mid-stream from a French national multi-site study (EPIDEP) J Affect Disord. 1998;50:163–173. - PubMed
    1. Angst J, Adlofsson R, Benazzi F, Gamma A, Hantouche E, Meyer TD, et al. The HCL-32: towards a self-assessment tool for hypomanic symptoms in outpatients. J Affect Disord. 2005;88:217–233. - PubMed
    1. Bhargava Raman RP, Sheshadri SP, Janardhan Reddy YC, Girimaji SC, Srinath S, Raghunandan VN. Is bipolar II disorder misdiagnosed as major depressive disorder in children? J Affect Disord. 2007;98:263–266. - PubMed
    1. Muzina DJ, Kemp DE, McIntyre RS. Differentiating bipolar disorders from major depressive disorders: treatment implications. Ann Clin Psychiatry. 2007;19:305–312. - PubMed

LinkOut - more resources