Autozygome maps dispensable DNA and reveals potential selective bias against nullizygosity

Abstract

Purpose: Copy number variants are an important source of human genome diversity. The widespread distribution of hemizygous copy number variants in the DNA of healthy humans suggests that haploinsufficiency is largely tolerated. However, little is known about the extent to which corresponding nullizygosity (two-copy deletion) is similarly tolerated.

Methods: We analyzed a cohort of first cousin unions to enrich for shared parental hemizygous events and tested their Mendelian inheritance in offspring.

Results: Analysis of autozygous DNA blocks (autozygome) in the offspring not only proved an efficient method of mapping "dispensable" DNA but also revealed potential selective bias against the occurrence of nullizygous changes. This bias was not restricted to genic copy number variants and was not accounted for by a high rate of miscarriages.

Conclusions: The autozygome is an efficient way to map dispensable segments of DNA and may reveal selective bias against nullizygosity in healthy individuals.