[Mycoplasma pneumoniae encephalitis associated with basal ganglia necrosis]

Abstract

Introduction: Severe central nervous system diseases, such as encephalitis, have been reported in association with Mycoplasma pneumoniae infections.

Case report: A previously healthy 5-year-old boy presented with an atypical pneumonia; he rapidly developed encephalitis revealed by lethargy, generalized status epilepticus. MRI showed abnormal signals in the basal ganglia, typical of bilateral striatal necrosis. Serologic tests for M. pneumoniae were positive, the child recovered almost completely.

Conclusion: M. pneumoniae infection should be considered in all cases of acute encephalopathy; yet the pathogenesis of the disorder is unknown and the treatment uncertain.