Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
. 2011 Mar;16 Suppl 1(Suppl1):S427-32.

Evaluation of damage index and its association with risk factors in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus

Zahra Sayed Bonakdar  1 , Negin Mohtasham, Mansoor Karimifar
Affiliations

Evaluation of damage index and its association with risk factors in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus

Zahra Sayed Bonakdar et al. J Res Med Sci. 2011 Mar.

Abstract

Background: This study aimed to determine the value of damage index in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and the association between damage index and disease severity, flare up numbers, disease duration, and antiphospholipid antibodies.

Methods: Eighty patients with systemic lupus erythematosus were included. The damage was measured using the SLICC (Systemic Lupus International Collaborating Clinics)/ACR damage index (SDI). The disease flare was defined by the increase in the Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Disease Activity Index 2000 (SLEDAI-2K). The disease severity surrogates were the presence of class III/IV glomerulonephritis, the presence of severe central nervous system (CNS) involvement, and cyclophosphamide administration. Analysis was performed by independent Student-t and chi-square tests via SPSS(16) software.

Results: There were significant association between the damage accrual and the disease severity, flare-up, and antiphospholipid antibodies (p = 0.001, p = 0.004, and p = 0.05, respectively).

Conclusions: The disease severity, frequency of flares, and positive antiphospholipid antibodies are associated with damage accrual in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus.

Keywords: Antiphospholipid Antibody; Damage Index; Systemic Lupus Erythematosus.

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

Conflict of Interests Authors has no conflict of interests.

References

    1. Thumboo J. Measuring functional status in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. APLAR Journal of Rheumatology. 2003;6(2):184–7.
    1. Chambers SA, Allen E, Rahman A, Isenberg D. Damage and mortality in a group of British patients with systemic lupus erythematosus followed up for over 10 years. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2009;48(6):673–5. - PubMed
    1. Cardoso CR, Signorelli FV, Papi JA, Salles GF. Initial and accrued damage as predictors of mortality in Brazilian patients with systemic lupus erythematosus: a cohort study. Lupus. 2008;17(11):1042–8. - PubMed
    1. José Santos M, Vinagre F, Nero P, Barcelos F, Barcelos A, Rodrigues AM, et al. Predictors of Damage Progression in Portuguese Patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences. 2009;1173:822–8. - PubMed
    1. Gonzalez LA, Pons-Estel GJ, Zhang JS, McGwin G, Jr, Roseman J, Reveille JD, et al. Effect of age, menopause and cyclophosphamide use on damage accrual in systemic lupus erythematosus patients from LUMINA, a multiethnic US cohort (LUMINA LXIII) Lupus. 2009;18(2):184–186. - PMC - PubMed

LinkOut - more resources