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. 2012 Jan 16:12:34.
doi: 10.1186/1471-2458-12-34.

Prevalence of cardiovascular disease and risk factors in a rural district of Beijing, China: a population-based survey of 58,308 residents

Liu He  1 , Xun Tang, Yan Song, Na Li, Jingrong Li, Zongxin Zhang, Jianjiang Liu, Liping Yu, Haitao Xu, Jianguo Zhang, Yonghua Hu
Affiliations

Prevalence of cardiovascular disease and risk factors in a rural district of Beijing, China: a population-based survey of 58,308 residents

Liu He et al. BMC Public Health. .

Abstract

Background: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of global disease burden. Although stroke was thought to be more prevalent than coronary heart disease (CHD) in Chinese, the epidemic pattern might have been changed in some rural areas nowadays. This study was to estimate up-to-date prevalence of CVD and its risk factors in rural communities of Fangshan District, Beijing, China.

Methods: A cross-sectional population survey was carried out by stratified cluster sampling. A total of 58,308 rural residents aged over 40 years were surveyed by face-to-face interview and physical examination during 2008 and 2010. The standardized prevalence was calculated according to adult sample data of China's 5th Population Census in 2000, and the adjusted prevalence odds ratio (POR) was calculated for the association of CHD/stroke with its cardiovascular risk factors in multivariate logistic regression models.

Results: Age- and sex-standardized prevalence was 5.6% for CHD (5.2% in males and 5.9% in females), higher than the counterpart of 3.7% (4.7% in males and 2.6% in females) for stroke. Compared with previous studies, higher prevalence of 7.7%, 47.2%, 53.3% in males and 8.2%, 44.8%, 60.7% in females for diabetes, hypertension and overweight/obesity were presented accordingly. Moreover, adjusted POR (95% confidence interval) of diabetes, obesity, stage 1 and stage 2 hypertension for CHD as 2.51 (2.29 to 2.75), 1.53 (1.38 to 1.70), 1.13 (1.02 to 1.26) and 1.35 (1.20 to 1.52), and for stroke as 2.24 (1.98 to 2.52), 1.25 (1.09 to 1.44), 1.44 (1.25 to 1.66) and 1.70 (1.46 to 1.98) were shown respectively in the multivariate logistic regression models.

Conclusions: High prevalence of CVD and probably changed epidemic pattern in rural communities of Beijing, together with the prevalent cardiovascular risk factors and population aging, might cause public health challenges in rural Chinese population.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Geographic map of Fangshan District, Beijing, China. The spots symbols in the map of Fangshan District indicated the towns selected in this cross-sectional study.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Standardized prevalence of CHD and stroke among adult population over 65 years and below 65 years in Fangshan District. Prevalence for all participants was directly standardized to the adult sample data of 2000 China 5th Population Census; Prevalence by genders was age-standardized using the same age distribution from entire adult sample data of 2000 China 5th Population Census.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Comparison of prevalence of diabetes, hypertension and overweight/obesity among males and females in the 2000-2001 InterASIA study, the 2007 survey in suburban of Beijing, and the 2008-2010 survey in rural Beijing. All the data were directly standardized to the adult sample data of 2000 China 5th Population Census.
Figure 4
Figure 4
(a-f) Standardized prevalence of CHD (a), stroke (b), diabetes (c), hypertension (d), overweight (e) and obesity (f) by geographic area among adult population older than 40 years in Fangshan District. Prevalence for all participants was directly standardized to the adult sample data of 2000 China 5th Population Census; Prevalence by genders was age-standardized using the same age distribution from entire adult sample data of 2000 China 5th Population Census.
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