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. 2011:2011:495101.
doi: 10.1155/2011/495101. Epub 2011 Dec 29.

Vitamin d deficiency in obese children and its relationship to insulin resistance and adipokines

Christian L Roth  1 , Clinton Elfers, Mario Kratz, Andrew N Hoofnagle
Affiliations

Vitamin d deficiency in obese children and its relationship to insulin resistance and adipokines

Christian L Roth et al. J Obes. 2011.

Abstract

Low-serum concentrations of 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] are associated with insulin resistance in adults. Less data are available in pediatric populations. Serum 25(OH)D serum concentrations were assessed in 125 obese and 31 nonobese children (age 11.9 ± 2.7 y, range 6-16 y, 49% male) living in Bonn, Germany. The relationship between 25(OH)D, measured by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, and measures of insulin sensitivity and adipokines adiponectin and resistin were analyzed. Seventy-six % of subjects were 25(OH)D deficient (<20 ng/mL). Higher insulin, homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance (HOMA-IR r = -0.269, P = 0.023), and hemoglobin A1c (HbA(1c)) as well as lower quantitative insulin-sensitivity check index (QUICKI r = 0.264, P = 0.030) values were found in obese children with lower 25(OH)D concentrations even after adjustment for gender, age, and body mass index. Furthermore, 25(OH)D correlated significantly with adiponectin, but not with resistin. Our results suggest that hypovitaminosis D is a risk factor for developing insulin resistance independent of adiposity.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Seasonal changes of 25(OH) serum concentrations in all studied subjects showing significantly higher levels in summer and early fall (July–October), compared to winter and early spring (January–April, *P < 0.05).
Figure 2
Figure 2
Insulin resistance HOMA-IR (a) and insulin sensitivity QUICKI (b) concentration in relation to 25(OH)D serum levels in obese children.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Serum adiponectin in levels in different quartiles (a) for serum 25(OH)D obese children (Q1: 8.0 ± 2.3; Q2: 13.6 ± 1.2; Q3: 17.5 ± 1.2; Q4: 25.3 ± 4.3 ng/mL). *P < 0.05. Adiponectin concentration in relation to 25(OH)D serum levels (b) in obese children.
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