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. 2012 Jan;18(1):91-4.
doi: 10.3201/eid1801.101892.

Outbreak of leptospirosis after flood, the Philippines, 2009

Al-Shere T Amilasan  1 , Mugen Ujiie, Motoi Suzuki, Eumelia Salva, Maria Cecilia P Belo, Nobuo Koizumi, Kumiko Yoshimatsu, Wolf-Peter Schmidt, Shane Marte, Efren M Dimaano, Jose Benito Villarama, Koya Ariyoshi
Affiliations

Outbreak of leptospirosis after flood, the Philippines, 2009

Al-Shere T Amilasan et al. Emerg Infect Dis. 2012 Jan.

Abstract

After a typhoon in September 2009, an outbreak of leptospirosis occurred in Metro Manila, the Philippines; 471 patients were hospitalized and 51 (10.8%) died. A hospital-based investigation found risk factors associated with fatal infection to be older age, hemoptysis, anuria, jaundice, and delayed treatment with antimicrobial drugs.

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Figures

Figure
Figure
Phylogenetic tree based on the Leptospira flaB gene sequence. The sequences obtained in this study are indicated in boldface and have been deposited in DDBJ/GenBank/EMBL (accession numbers indicated). The sequences of rat isolates are derived from a previous study (9). Sequence alignments were conducted by using MEGA4 software and ClustalW (www.megasoftware.net), and phylogenetic distances were calculated by using MEGA4 software and the neighbor-joining method. All 4 PCR products belong to L. interrogans; 2 are closely related to serovar Losbanos, 1 to serovar Manilae, and 1 is not associated with strains or serovars included in our analysis. Microscopic agglutination test results indicate infecting serogroups. L. borgpetersenii serovar Tarassovi had the highest titer in patients 307 and 486, but this finding can be explained by a cross-reaction. Scale bar indicates nucleotide substitutions per site.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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