Optimal treatment of symptomatic hemorrhoids

Abstract

Hemorrhoids are the most common anorectal complaint, and approximately 10 to 20 percent of patients with symptomatic hemorrhoids require surgery. Symptoms of hemorrhoids, such as painless rectal bleeding, tissue protrusion and mucous discharge, vary. The traditional therapeutic strategies of medicine include surgical, as well as non-surgical, treatment. To alleviate symptoms caused by hemorrhoids, oral treatments, such as fiber, suppositories and Sitz baths have been applied to patients. Other non-surgical treatments, such as infrared photocoagulation, injection sclerotherapy and rubber band ligation have been used to fixate the hemorrhoid's cushion. If non-surgical treatment has no effect, surgical treatments, such as a hemorrhoidectomy, procedure for prolapsed hemorrhoids, and transanal hemorrhoidal dearterialization are used.

Keywords: Hemorrhoids; Non-surgical treatment; Surgical Procedures, Operative.

Fig. 1

Optimal treatment of symptomatic hemorrhoids. BHC, bipolar hyperthermic coagulation; IRC, infrared photocoagulation; ALTA, aluminum potassium sulfate and tannic acid; RBL, rubber band ligation; THD, transanal hemorrhoidal dearterialization; PPH, procedure for prolapsed hemorrhoid.