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. 2011:5:1759-65.
doi: 10.2147/OPTH.S27189. Epub 2011 Dec 13.

Congenital anophthalmia and microphthalmia: epidemiology and orbitofacial rehabilitation

Sara Llorente-González  1 , J Peralta-Calvo, J M Abelairas-Gómez
Affiliations

Congenital anophthalmia and microphthalmia: epidemiology and orbitofacial rehabilitation

Sara Llorente-González et al. Clin Ophthalmol. 2011.

Abstract

Objective: To describe the prevalence of congenital anophthalmia and microphthalmia in Hospital Universitario La Paz, and to identify associated risk factors and evaluate cosmetic results in treated and nontreated patients.

Methods: A retrospective, descriptive, cross-sectional study of patients treated with orbital expanding techniques (cases) and nontreated patients (controls) was carried out as a comparative case series study. A total of 36 patients with unilateral or bilateral anophthalmia or microphthalmia as main diagnosis were included; 52 epidemiological and management variables for each patient were analyzed. The study evaluated orbital growth and facial symmetry.

Results: The overall cosmetic result in the study's group of patients was satisfactory: 66.7% showed good or very good orbital growth, and 75% showed good or very good facial symmetry. Controls had better cosmetic outcome but showed more cataracts (P = 0.05), inferior colobomas (P = 0.026), and family history (P = 0.056) than the cases. Controls also showed significantly better orbital growth (P = 0.042) and facial symmetry (P = 0.014) than the cases.

Conclusion: This study suggests that the mere presence of a globe (controls) still provides better orbitofacial development than the artificial stimulation (cases) currently available for patients with congenital anophthalmia and microphthalmia, who receive internal and external orbital rehabilitation.

Keywords: congenital cataract; cosmetic outcome; ocular malformation; orbital rehabilitation; persistent fetal vasculature.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Diagnosis at baseline (n = 50 affected eyes). Abbreviations: OD, right; OS, left.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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