Comparative analysis of virulence factors secreted by Bacillus anthracis Sterne at host body temperature

Abstract

Aims: For the analysis of virulence factors produced and secreted by Bacillus anthracis vegetative cells during mammalian host infection, we evaluated the secretome of B. anthracis Sterne exposed to host-specific factors specifically to host body temperature.

Methods and results: We employed a comparative proteomics-based approach to analyse the proteins secreted by B. anthracis Sterne under host-specific body temperature conditions. A total of 17 proteins encoded on a single chromosome and the pXO1 plasmid were identified by peptide mass fingerprinting. Multiple algorithms were used to predict the secretion mechanisms of the detected proteins in B. anthracis.

Conclusions: Several putative virulence factors and known factors responsible for sporulation were differentially regulated, including CodY, pXO1-130 and BA1952, revealing insights into temperature cues in the B. anthracis secretome.

Significance and impact of the study: This study identified temperature-regulated proteins. Further studies aimed at understanding the physical and functional roles of these proteins in infection and control by elevated temperatures will contribute to detection, diagnostics and prophylaxis.