Validation of the Spanish version of the "Questionnaire on the treatment of approximal and occlusal caries"

Abstract

Objectives: To translate and validate a Spanish version of the "Questionnaire on the treatment of approximal and occlusal caries" as a method of collecting information about treatment decisions on caries management in Chilean primary health care services.

Materials and methods: The original questionnaire proposed by Espelid et al. was translated into Spanish using the forward-backward translation technique. Subsequently, validation of the Spanish version was undertaken. Data were collected from two separate samples; first, from 132 Spanish-speaking dentists recruited from primary health care services and second, from 21 individuals characterised as cariologists. Internal consistency was evaluated by the generation of Cronbach's alpha, test-retest reliability was evaluated by Cohen's kappa, convergent validity was evaluated by comparing the total scale scores to a global evaluation of treatment trends and discriminant validity was evaluated by investigating the differences in total scale scores between the Spanish-speaking dentist and cariologist samples.

Results: Cronbach's alpha indicated an internal consistency of 0.63 for the entire scale. Cohen's kappa correlation coefficient expressed a test-retest reliability of 0.83. Convergent validity determined a Pearson's correlation coefficient of 0.24 (p < 0.01). The comparison of proportions (chi-squared) indicated that discriminant validity was statistically significant (p < 0.01), using a one-tailed test.

Conclusions: The Spanish version of the "Questionnaire on the treatment of approximal and occlusal caries" is a valid and reliable instrument for collecting information regarding treatment decisions in cariology.

Clinical relevance: The clinical relevance of this study is to acquire a reliable instrument that allows for the determination of treatment decisions in Spanish-speaking dentists.