Preoperative physical optimization in fast-track hip and knee arthroplasty

Abstract

Introduction: The aim of this study was to investigate if screening and optimization of risk patients combined with a motivational conversation is effective in reducing complications in patients scheduled for a fast-track hip and knee arthroplasty.

Material and methods: We included 78 patients in the intervention group and 54 patients in a control group before the intervention. In the intervention group, all patients participated in a motivational conversation during which they were screened, and a nurse addressed all risk areas in patients at risk. The primary outcome was unintended patient paths, defined as a path where the discharge criteria were not reached within five days (minor complications), major postoperative complications, readmissions or death within three months postoperatively.

Results: A total of 35 (45%) of the 78 patients in the intervention group were classified as being at risk in one or more areas after the screening. The number of unintended patient paths was significantly reduced from 19 (35%) in the control group to 14 (18%) in the intervention group (p = 0.025).

Conclusion: Preoperative physical optimization of patients who are at risk of following an unintentional path is effective in patients scheduled for fast-track hip and knee arthroplasty.

Funding: Not relevant.

Trial registration: Not relevant.