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. 2011 Nov;34(6):547-54.
doi: 10.1179/107902611X13186000420242.

Reference for the 2011 revision of the International Standards for Neurological Classification of Spinal Cord Injury

Steven C Kirshblum  1 , William Waring, Fin Biering-Sorensen, Stephen P Burns, Mark Johansen, Mary Schmidt-Read, William Donovan, Daniel Graves, Amit Jha, Linda Jones, M J Mulcahey, Andrei Krassioukov
Affiliations

Reference for the 2011 revision of the International Standards for Neurological Classification of Spinal Cord Injury

Steven C Kirshblum et al. J Spinal Cord Med. 2011 Nov.

Abstract

The latest revision of the International Standards for the Neurological Classification of Spinal Cord Injury (ISNCSCI) was available in booklet format in June 2011, and is published in this issue of the Journal of Spinal Cord Medicine. The ISNCSCI were initially developed in 1982 to provide guidelines for the consistent classification of the neurological level and extent of the injury to achieve reliable data for clinical care and research studies. This revision was generated from the Standards Committee of the American Spinal Injury Association in collaboration with the International Spinal Cord Society's Education Committee. This article details and explains the updates and serves as a reference for these revisions and clarifications.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Schematic depiction of innervation of each of three key muscles by two nerve segments.
Figure 2
Figure 2
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

    1. American Spinal Injury Association Standards for neurological classification of spinal injured patients. Chicago, IL: ASIA; 1982
    1. Frankel HL, Hancock DO, Hyslop G, Melzak J, Michaelis LS, Ungar GH, et al. The value of postural reduction in the initial management of closed injuries in the spine with paraplegia and tetraplegia. Paraplegia 1969;7:179–92 - PubMed
    1. American Spinal Injury Association International standards for neurological classification of spinal cord injury. Atlanta, GA; revised 2000; Reprinted 2008
    1. American Spinal Injury Association/International Medical Society of Paraplegia (ASIA/IMSOP) International Standards for Neurological and Functional Classification of Spinal Cord Injury patients (Revised). Chicago, IL: American Spinal Injury Association; 1996
    1. American Spinal Injury Association/International Medical Society of Paraplegia International Standards for Neurological and Functional Classification of Spinal Cord Injury patients. American Spinal Injury Association. Chicago, IL; 2000

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