Oligonucleotide-templated reactions for sensing nucleic acids

Abstract

Oligonucleotide-templated reactions are useful for applying nucleic acid sensing. Various chemistries for oligonucleotide-templated reaction have been reported so far. Major scientific interests are focused on the development of signal amplification systems and signal generation systems. We introduce the recent advances of oligonucleotide-templated reaction in consideration of the above two points.

Figure 1

Reversible photoligation. (A) [2+2] cycloaddition and (B) [4+4] cycloaddition.

Figure 2

Schematic representation of (A) the photorelease system based on the energy transfer from the sensitizer to the linker; (B) the logic gate (AND gate); and (C) the ¹O₂ generation system based on a templated photoactive reaction.

Figure 3

(A) Molecular release via templated catalysis; (B) organocatalyzed ester hydrolysis reaction; and (C) metal-catalyzed hydrolysis reaction.

Figure 4

Nucleophilic substitution reaction-mediated autoligation.

Figure 5

Fluorescence signal-generating method based on (A) S_N2 reaction or (B) S_NAr reaction.

Figure 6

Fluorescence signal-generating method triggered by the Staudinger reaction.

Figure 7

Catalytic cycle of the templated transfer of the reporter group.

Figure 8

Schematic representation of (A) organomercury-promoted oxadiazole forming reaction; (B) aldolization-elimination reaction; (C) 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reaction; and (D) Wittig olefination reaction.

Figure 9

Schematic representation of (A) the thermodynamic cycle of templated reaction; (B) the self-cleaving DNAzyme; and (C) the cleavage of a P3'→N5' phosphoramidate linkage.