Chemotherapy-induced cardiotoxicity

Abstract

Anthracycline-based chemotherapeutics have long been recognized as effective agents for treating a wide range of malignancies. However, their use is not without significant adverse cardiotoxic side effects. Strategies for prevention involve limiting free-radical production and subsequent cardiac myocyte damage. Dexrazoxane remains the most widely studied cardioprotective medication. Alternative agents may reduce cardiotoxicity but may still cause significant cardiovascular problems. The role of β-blockers and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors in the treatment of heart failure is well proven. The role of these medications in the prevention and treatment of chemotherapy-induced cardiotoxicity is not well established.