Xylene/amitraz: a pharmacologic review and profile

Abstract

There are no reports of xylene/amitraz ingestion in children. Studies have characterized the adverse reactions caused by dermal applications in dogs, but the mechanisms involved were undetermined Accidental ingestion of the product by a child prompted a retrospective search of the medical records of the Georgia Animal Poison Information Center to profile the signalment, clinical signs, route of exposure and target sites of the suspected toxicosis in dogs. Clinical signs of depression, ataxia, stupor, and coma were most attributable to the xylene and propylene oxide components. Hyperglycemia, hypotension, and bradycardia were probably attributable to the alpha-2 adrenoceptor agonist action of amitraz. Most reports were initiated by owners, using the prescription product at home.