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. 2012 Mar 6:11:34.
doi: 10.1186/1476-511X-11-34.

Dietary moderately oxidized oil induces expression of fibroblast growth factor 21 in the liver of pigs

Juliane Varady  1 , Robert Ringseis, Klaus Eder
Affiliations

Dietary moderately oxidized oil induces expression of fibroblast growth factor 21 in the liver of pigs

Juliane Varady et al. Lipids Health Dis. .

Abstract

Background: Fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21), whose expression is induced by peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (PPARα), has been recently identified as a novel metabolic regulator which plays a crucial role in glucose homeostasis, lipid metabolism, insulin sensitivity and obesity. Previous studies have shown that administration of oxidized fats leads to an activation of PPARα in the liver. Therefore, the present study investigated the hypothesis that feeding of oxidized fats causes an induction of FGF21 in the liver.

Methods: Twenty four crossbred pigs were allocated to two groups of 12 pigs each and fed nutritionally adequate diets with either fresh rapeseed oil or oxidized rapeseed oil prepared by heating at a temperature of 175°C for 72 h.

Results: In pigs fed the oxidized fat mRNA abundance and protein concentrations of FGF21 in liver were significantly increased (P < 0.05), and the protein concentrations of FGF21 in plasma tended to be increased (P < 0.1) in comparison to control pigs. Moreover, pigs fed the oxidized fat had increased transcript levels of the PPARα target genes acyl-CoA oxidase, carnitine palmitoyltransferase-1 and novel organic cation transporter 2 in the liver (P < 0.05), indicative of PPARα activation.

Conclusion: The present study shows for the first time that administration of an oxidized fat induces the expression of FGF21 in the liver, probably mediated by activation of PPARα. Induction of FGF21 could be involved in several effects observed in animals administered an oxidized fat.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Relative mRNA abundance of FGF21 in the liver (A) and protein concentration of FGF21 in the liver (B) and plasma (C) of pigs fed either a fresh fat or an oxidized fat. Bars represent mean ± SD (n = 12/group), and are expressed as fold of fresh fat group. *Significantly (P < 0.05) and #in tendency (P < 0.1) different from pigs fed the fresh fat. FF, fresh fat group; FGF21, fibroblast growth factor 21; OF, oxidized fat group
Figure 2
Figure 2
Relative mRNA abundance of OCTN2, ACO, L-CPT1 and HMGCS2 in the liver of pigs fed either a fresh fat or an oxidized fat. Bars represent mean ± SD (n = 12/group), and are expressed as fold of relative mRNA abundance of the fresh fat group. *Different from pigs fed the fresh fat, P < 0.05. ACO, acyl-CoA oxidase; HMGCS2, mitochondrial β-hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA synthase 2; L-CPT1, liver-type carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1; FF, fresh fat group; OCTN2, novel organic cation transporter 2; OF, oxidized fat group
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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