A one health framework for estimating the economic costs of zoonotic diseases on society

Abstract

This article presents an integrated epidemiological and economic framework for assessing zoonoses using a "one health" concept. The framework allows for an understanding of the cross-sector economic impact of zoonoses using modified risk analysis and detailing a range of analytical tools. The goal of the framework is to link the analysis outputs of animal and human disease transmission models, economic impact models and evaluation of risk management options to gain improved understanding of factors affecting the adoption of risk management strategies so that investment planning includes the most promising interventions (or sets of interventions) in an integrated fashion. A more complete understanding of the costs of the disease and the costs and benefits of control measures would promote broader implementation of the most efficient and effective control measures, contributing to improved animal and human health, better livelihood outcomes for the poor and macroeconomic growth.

Figure 1

Modified risk analysis framework to enhance reduction of zoonotic disease burden.

Figure 2

Flow chart of dog–human rabies transmission (Zinsstag et al. , with permission).

Figure 3

Costs and benefits of Brucellosis control in Mongolia (Roth et al. 2003). Intervention cost (black), public health benefits (oblique lines), private health benefits (vertical lines), reduced household income loss (horizontal lines), agricultural benefits (white).