Beyond resolutions? A randomized controlled trial of a self-regulation lifestyle programme for post-cardiac rehabilitation patients

Abstract

Background: As lifestyle adherence and risk factor management following completion of cardiac rehabilitation (CR) have been shown to be problematic, we developed a brief self-regulation lifestyle programme for post-CR patients.

Design: Randomized-controlled trial.

Methods: Following completion of CR 210 patients were randomized to receive either a lifestyle maintenance programme (n = 112) or standard care (n = 98). The programme was based on self-regulation principles and consisted of a motivational interview, seven group sessions, and home assignments. Risk factors and health behaviours were assessed at baseline (end of CR) and 6 months thereafter.

Results: ANCOVAs showed a significant effect of the lifestyle programme after 6 months on blood pressure, waist circumference, and exercise behaviour.

Conclusion: This trial indicates that a relatively brief intervention based on self-regulation theory is capable of instigating and maintaining beneficial changes in lifestyle and risk factors after CR.

Keywords: Adherence; cardiac rehabilitation; lifestyle; maintenance; randomized controlled trial; risk factors; self-regulation.