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. 2012 Mar 9:11:23.
doi: 10.1186/1475-2840-11-23.

Low serum magnesium concentrations are associated with a high prevalence of premature ventricular complexes in obese adults with type 2 diabetes

Liana C Del Gobbo  1 , Yiqing Song, Paul Poirier, Eric Dewailly, Ronald J Elin, Grace M Egeland
Affiliations

Low serum magnesium concentrations are associated with a high prevalence of premature ventricular complexes in obese adults with type 2 diabetes

Liana C Del Gobbo et al. Cardiovasc Diabetol. .

Abstract

Background: Premature ventricular complexes (PVC) predict cardiovascular mortality among several adult populations. Increased arrhythmia prevalence has been reported during controlled magnesium (Mg) depletion studies in adults. We thus hypothesized that serum magnesium (sMg) concentrations are inversely associated with the prevalence of PVC in adults at high cardiovascular risk.

Methods: Anthropometric, demographic and lifestyle characteristics were assessed in 750 Cree adults, aged > 18 yrs, who participated in an age-stratified, cross-sectional health survey in Quebec, Canada. Holter electrocardiograms recorded heart rate variability and cardiac arrhythmias for two consecutive hours. Multivariate logistic regression was used to evaluate the associations between sMg and PVC.

Results: PVC prevalence in adults with hypomagnesemia (sMg ≤ 0.70 mmol/L) was more than twice that of adults without hypomagnesemia (50% vs. 21%, p = 0.015); results were similar when adults with cardiovascular disease history were excluded. All hypomagnesemic adults with PVC had type 2 diabetes (T2DM). Prevalence of PVC declined across the sMg concentration gradient in adults with T2DM only (p < 0.001 for linear trend). In multivariate logistic regressions adjusted for age, sex, community, body mass index, smoking, physical activity, alcohol consumption, kidney disease, antihypertensive and cholesterol lowering drug use, and blood docosahexaenoic acid concentrations, the odds ratio of PVC among T2DM subjects with sMg > 0.70 mmol/L was 0.24 (95% CI: 0.06-0.98) p = 0.046 compared to those with sMg ≤ 0.70 mmol/L.

Conclusions: sMg concentrations were inversely associated with the prevalence of PVC in patients with T2DM in a dose response manner, indicating that suboptimal sMg may be a contributor to arrhythmias among patients with T2DM.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
PVC prevalence (%) during 2-hr Holters among adults (n = 750) according to sMg concentrations (mmol/L)1. Legend: CVD excluded (grey bars) omits individuals with cardiovascular event history or conditions. Difference in PVC prevalence among participants with sMg ≤ 0.70 vs. > 0.70 mmol/L among all adults (blue bars): p = 0.015; for CVD excluded (grey bars): p = 0.07.
Figure 2
Figure 2
PVC prevalence (%) during 2-hr Holters among adults without CVD (n = 652) by sMg concentrations (mmol/L) and diabetic status1. Legend: PVC prevalence declined with sMg concentration in adults with T2DM (blue bars) only (p < 0.001 for trend), even when hypomagnesemic adults were excluded (p = 0.005 for trend). While no nondiabetic (grey bars) had PVC during monitoring, only 1% of nondiabetics were hypomagnesemic (sMg ≤ 0.70 mmol/L)
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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