Improvement of isolated rat pancreatic islets function by combination of cerium oxide nanoparticles/sodium selenite through reduction of oxidative stress

Abstract

Insulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitus (IDDM) is a disease with high incidence with no pure cure therapy yet. In most of cases, these patients need pancreatic islets transplantation that is not completely successful because of oxidative stress happening during isolation and transplantation procedures. In the present study, effective factors in transplantation procedure such as viability, insulin secretion, production of reactive oxygen molecules (ROM), and mitochondrial energy as ATP/ADP ratio were examined in the isolated islets exposed to sodium selenite (Na₂SeO₃; 0 30 nmol/L), metal form of cerium oxide (100 nm), cerium oxide nanoparticles (100 nm) and combination of Na₂SeO₃ (30 nmol/L)/cerium oxide nanoparticles (100 nm) in a time course (1, 2, 4 and 6 days posttreatment) manner. The results showed a significant increase of cells viability, secretion of insulin, and ATP/ADP ratio and a reduction in ROM by use of sodium selenite, cerium oxide nanoparticles, and especially combination of cerium oxide nanoparticles/sodium selenite. Interestingly, not only no improvement was found with metal form of cerium oxide but also deterioration occurred in tested markers. Results suggest that pretreatment with combination of cerium oxide nanoparticles/sodium selenite can improve transplantation outcome and graft function by control of oxidative stress damage.