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Randomized Controlled Trial
. 2012 Jun;54(12):1778-83.
doi: 10.1093/cid/cis307. Epub 2012 Mar 15.

Increased risk of noninfluenza respiratory virus infections associated with receipt of inactivated influenza vaccine

Benjamin J Cowling  1 , Vicky J Fang, Hiroshi Nishiura, Kwok-Hung Chan, Sophia Ng, Dennis K M Ip, Susan S Chiu, Gabriel M Leung, J S Malik Peiris
Affiliations
Randomized Controlled Trial

Increased risk of noninfluenza respiratory virus infections associated with receipt of inactivated influenza vaccine

Benjamin J Cowling et al. Clin Infect Dis. 2012 Jun.

Abstract

We randomized 115 children to trivalent inactivated influenza vaccine (TIV) or placebo. Over the following 9 months, TIV recipients had an increased risk of virologically-confirmed non-influenza infections (relative risk: 4.40; 95% confidence interval: 1.31-14.8). Being protected against influenza, TIV recipients may lack temporary non-specific immunity that protected against other respiratory viruses.

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Figures

Figure 1.
Figure 1.
Timing of influenza and other respiratory virus detections in 115 participants aged 6–15 years (A–D), compared with local influenza surveillance data (E). Solid red bars indicate detections in 69 participants who received 2008–2009 trivalent inactivated influenza vaccine, and black dashed bars indicate detections in 46 participants who received placebo. The bottom panel shows local laboratory surveillance data on the proportion of influenza virus detections among specimens submitted to the Public Health Laboratory Service (PHLS). Less than 2% of PHLS specimens were positive for influenza B throughout the year. “Other viruses” included coronavirus, human metapneumovirus, parainfluenza, and respiratory syncytial virus.
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