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. 2009;9(8):6411-34.
doi: 10.3390/s90806411. Epub 2009 Aug 19.

Design of a water environment monitoring system based on wireless sensor networks

Peng Jiang  1 , Hongbo Xia, Zhiye He, Zheming Wang
Affiliations

Design of a water environment monitoring system based on wireless sensor networks

Peng Jiang et al. Sensors (Basel). 2009.

Abstract

A water environmental monitoring system based on a wireless sensor network is proposed. It consists of three parts: data monitoring nodes, data base station and remote monitoring center. This system is suitable for the complex and large-scale water environment monitoring, such as for reservoirs, lakes, rivers, swamps, and shallow or deep groundwaters. This paper is devoted to the explanation and illustration for our new water environment monitoring system design. The system had successfully accomplished the online auto-monitoring of the water temperature and pH value environment of an artificial lake. The system's measurement capacity ranges from 0 to 80 °C for water temperature, with an accuracy of ±0.5 °C; from 0 to 14 on pH value, with an accuracy of ±0.05 pH units. Sensors applicable to different water quality scenarios should be installed at the nodes to meet the monitoring demands for a variety of water environments and to obtain different parameters. The monitoring system thus promises broad applicability prospects.

Keywords: data base station; data monitoring nodes; remote monitoring center; water environment monitoring; wireless sensor networks.

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Figures

Figure 1.
Figure 1.
Water environment monitoring system based on WSNs.
Figure 2.
Figure 2.
The system architecture of a data monitoring node.
Figure 3.
Figure 3.
Transmitter module.
Figure 4.
Figure 4.
Processor module.
Figure 5.
Figure 5.
Interface circuit of the ZigBee module.
Figure 6.
Figure 6.
Power module.
Figure 7.
Figure 7.
The flow diagram of the master routine.
Figure 8.
Figure 8.
The flow diagram of the CC2420 send process.
Figure 9.
Figure 9.
The flow diagram of the CC2420 accept process.
Figure 10.
Figure 10.
System hardware block diagram.
Figure 11.
Figure 11.
Interface circuit of the ZigBee module.
Figure 12.
Figure 12.
Interface circuit of the GPRS module.
Figure 13.
Figure 13.
Power module.
Figure 14.
Figure 14.
ZigBee module software level diagram.
Figure 15.
Figure 15.
Application level process flow diagram.
Figure 16.
Figure 16.
MSP430 module software level diagram.
Figure 17.
Figure 17.
The communication diagram of each task.
Figure 18.
Figure 18.
The flow chart of GPRS module communication task and the corresponding serial interrupt service subroutine.
Figure 19.
Figure 19.
The flow chart of ZigBee module communication task and the corresponding serial interrupt service subroutine.
Figure 20.
Figure 20.
The flow chart of the data process task.
Figure 21.
Figure 21.
Actual data monitoring node.
Figure 22.
Figure 22.
Actual data base station.
Figure 23.
Figure 23.
Curve of daily pH changes monitored by the system.
Figure 24.
Figure 24.
Curve of weekly pH changes monitored by the system.
Figure 25.
Figure 25.
Curve of daily changing pH collected by artificial sampling.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

    1. Jin D.-L., Liu Y.-W. An Overview of the Water Environment. Water Resour. 2006;27:33–36. in Chinese.
    1. Akyildiz L.F., Su W., Sankarasubramaniam Y., Cayirci E. Wireless Sensor Networks: A Survey. Comput. Netw. 2002;38:393–422.
    1. EmNetLLC.Technology. Available online at: http://www.heliosware.com/technology.html (accessed 16 January 2009).
    1. The CSIRO ICT Centre Wireless Sensor Network Devices. Available online at: http://www.ict.csiro.au/page.pHp?cid=87 (accessed 16 January 2009).
    1. Seders L.A., Shea C.A., Lemmon M.D., Maurice P.A., Talley J.W. LakeNet: An Integrated Sensor Network for Environmental Sensing in Lakes. Environm. Eng. Sci. 2007;24:183–191.

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