Proteomic analysis of Terminalia chebula extract-dependent changes in human lymphoblastic T cell protein expression

Abstract

Terminalia chebula is a native plant from southern Asia to southwestern China that is used in traditional medicine for the treatment of malignant tumors and diabetes. This plant also has antibacterial and immunomodulatory properties. The present study assessed T. chebula extract-dependent protein expression changes in Jurkat cells. Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time-of-flight mass spectrometry and Ingenuity Pathways Analysis (IPA) were performed to assess protein expression and networks, respectively. A comparative proteomic profile was determined in T. chebula extract (50 μg/mL)-treated and control cells; the expressions of β-tubulin, ring finger and CHY zinc finger domain containing 1, and insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor kinase were significantly down-regulated in T. chebula extract-treated Jurkat cells. Moreover, the molecular basis for the T. chebula extract-dependent protein expression changes in Jurkat cells was determined by IPA. Treatment with the T. chebula extract significantly inhibited nuclear factor-κB activity and affected the proteomic profile of Jurkat cells. The molecular network signatures and functional proteomics obtained in this study may facilitate the evaluation of potential antitumor therapeutic targets and elucidate the molecular mechanism of T. chebula extract-dependent effects in Jurkat cells.

FIG. 1.

Molecular network of protein degradation, amino acid metabolism, and behavior for NC-treated cells in comparison with TC extract-treated cells. The direct (solid line) and indirect (broken line) interaction of both up-regulated (red) or down-regulated (green) genes associated with nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) signaling were identified in Jurkat-NF-κB–bla cells. This dataset was analyzed using Ingenuity Pathway Analysis. The node color is indicative of gene expression, and the color intensity is proportional to the gene expression fold change. ERK, extracellular signal-regulated kinase. Color images available online at www.liebertonline.com/jmf

FIG. 2.

TC extract inhibited the expression of ring finger and CHY zinc finger domain containing 1 (RCHY1) and heat shock 70-kDa protein (HSP70). Cells were incubated for 5 h. The gallic acid fractionated TC extract (50 μg/mL) and combined treatment with TC extract and TNFα inhibits RCHY1/Pirh2 and HSP70 expression markedly than the untreated control and only TNFα. β-Actin expression was detected as a control. Data shown are representative of three independent experiments.