Immunohistochemical analysis of LRIG proteins in meningiomas: correlation between estrogen receptor status and LRIG expression

Abstract

The leucine-rich repeats and immunoglobulin-like domains (LRIG) protein family is comprised of three integral membrane proteins: LRIG1, LRIG2, and LRIG3. LRIG1 is a negative regulator of growth factor signaling. The expression and subcellular localization of LRIG proteins have prognostic implications in primary brain tumors, such as oligodendrogliomas and astrocytomas. The expression of LRIG proteins has not previously been studied in meningiomas. In this study, the expression of LRIG1, LRIG2, and LRIG3 was analyzed in 409 meningiomas by immunohistochemistry, and potential associations between LRIG protein expression and tumor grade, gender, progesterone receptor status, and estrogen receptor (ER) status were investigated. The LRIG proteins were most often expressed in the cytoplasm, though LRIG1 also showed prominent nuclear expression. Cytoplasmic expression of LRIG1 and LRIG2 correlated with histological subtypes of meningiomas (p = 0.038 and 0.013, respectively). Nuclear and cytoplasmic expression of LRIG1 was correlated with ER status (p = 0.003 and 0.004, respectively), as was cytoplasmic expression of LRIG2 (p = 0.006). This study is the first to examine the expression of LRIG proteins in meningiomas, and it shows a correlation between ER status and the expression of LRIG1 and LRIG2, which suggests a possible role for LRIG proteins in meningioma pathogenesis.