Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
. 2012 Apr 3:344:e2161.
doi: 10.1136/bmj.e2161.

Personalised medicine: not just in our genes

Affiliations

Personalised medicine: not just in our genes

Georgios D Kitsios et al. BMJ. .

Abstract

Despite the identification of numerous gene-drug associations, few have been incorporated into clinical practice or guidelines. Georgios D Kitsios and David M Kent argue that if personalised medicine is to become a reality we have to look beyond our genes

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

Completing interests: All authors have completed the ICMJE uniform disclosure form at www.icmje.org/coi_disclosure.pdf (available on request from the corresponding author) and declare partial funding of the work in this article from the National Institute of Health (UL1RR025752); no financial relationships with any organisations that might have an interest in the submitted work in the previous three years; and no other relationships or activities that could appear to have influenced the submitted work.

Comment in

References

    1. Hindorff LA, Sethupathy P, Junkins HA, Ramos EM, Mehta JP, Collins FS, et al. Potential etiologic and functional implications of genome-wide association loci for human diseases and traits. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2009;106:9362-7. - PMC - PubMed
    1. Janssens AC, van Duijn CM. An epidemiological perspective on the future of direct-to-consumer personal genome testing. Invest Genet 2010;1:10. - PMC - PubMed
    1. Goldstein DB. Common genetic variation and human traits. N Engl J Med 2009;360:1696-8. - PubMed
    1. Ioannidis JP. Prediction of cardiovascular disease outcomes and established cardiovascular risk factors by genome-wide association markers. Circ Cardiovasc Genet 2009;2:7-15. - PubMed
    1. Manolio TA, Collins FS, Cox NJ, Goldstein DB, Hindorff LA, Hunter DJ, et al. Finding the missing heritability of complex diseases. Nature 2009;461:747-53. - PMC - PubMed

Substances

LinkOut - more resources