Angiographic lesion severity and subsequent myocardial infarction

Abstract

We sought to determine the angiographic severity of coronary lesions leading to ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) and non-STEMI (NSTEMI) with a focus on determining the impact of interval from initial angiogram to subsequent clinical event. In the late 1980s angiographic data on lesion characteristics that culminated in STEMI and NSTEMI were obtained from angiograms obtained several months before MI. It is not clear whether the conclusions on lesion severity would be different if elapsed interval from baseline angiogram to clinical event was factored in the analysis. From 2003 through 2010, we identified 84 patients with NSTEMI and 41 patients with STEMI in vessels without previous intervention. These patients had ≥1 previous angiographic study at our center. Angiograms were reanalyzed with quantitative coronary angiography, and relevant clinical data were obtained from medical records. Similar to previous studies, 71% of patients with STEMI and 63% of patients with NSTEMI had <50% baseline stenosis at the culprit site when the interval from initial angiogram to MI was >3 months. Interestingly, lesions that led to STEMI ≤3 months after evaluation were more severe than those leading to STEMI in >3 months (59 ± 31% vs 36 ± 21%, p = 0.02) with 57% of lesions having >50% stenosis. Although most MIs occurred at sites that did not have significant obstruction when examined >3 months before MI, most baseline lesions showed significant luminal narrowing when examined ≤3 months before STEMI. In conclusion, high-grade coronary stenosis may be an important predictor of STEMI in subsequent months.