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Randomized Controlled Trial
. 2012 Aug;14(8):553-9.
doi: 10.1177/1098612X12444743. Epub 2012 Apr 13.

Analgesia after feline ovariohysterectomy under midazolam-medetomidine-ketamine anaesthesia with buprenorphine or butorphanol, and carprofen or meloxicam: a prospective, randomised clinical trial

Sally Polson  1 , Polly M Taylor, David Yates
Affiliations
Randomized Controlled Trial

Analgesia after feline ovariohysterectomy under midazolam-medetomidine-ketamine anaesthesia with buprenorphine or butorphanol, and carprofen or meloxicam: a prospective, randomised clinical trial

Sally Polson et al. J Feline Med Surg. 2012 Aug.

Abstract

One hundred female cats undergoing routine ovariohysterectomy under midazolam-medetomidine-ketamine anaesthesia were included in a blinded, randomised, prospective clinical study to compare postoperative analgesia produced by four analgesic drug combinations given preoperatively (n = 25 per group). A secondary aim was to assess the effects in kittens and pregnant animals. Buprenorphine 180 µg/m(2) or butorphanol 6 mg/m(2) were given with either carprofen 4 mg/kg (groups BUPC and BUTC, respectively) or meloxicam 0.3 mg/kg (groups BUPM or BUTM, respectively). Medetomidine was not antagonised. A simple, descriptive scale (SDS; 0-4), a dynamic and interactive visual analogue scale (DIVAS; 0-100 mm) and mechanical nociceptive thresholds (MT; 2.5-mm diameter probe) were used to evaluate postoperative pain. All pain scores were low (DIVAS <10 mm, SDS <2 and MT >10 N) and there were no significant differences between the groups. It was concluded that all protocols provided adequate analgesia and when used with midazolam-medetomidine-ketamine are effective for routine feline ovariohysterectomy.

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Conflict of interest statement

Dr PM Taylor is a director of Topcat Metrology Ltd.

The investigation was the subject of a dissertation for a BSc at the University of Manchester (S Polson).

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
SDS score in 100 cats undergoing ovariohysterectomy after buprenorphine and carprofen (group BUPC), buprenorphine and meloxicam (group BUPM), butorphanol and carprofen (group BUTC) or butorphanol and meloxicam (group BUTM) (n = 25 per group). Pre = before anaesthesia and surgery. 2h, 4h, 8h, 24 h = 2, 4, 8 and 24 h after anaesthetic injection. No significant differences between groups. *4 h (all cats) significantly higher than preoperatively and 24 h (P <0.05)
Figure 2
Figure 2
DIVAS [mean (SD)] in 100 cats undergoing ovariohysterectomy after buprenorphine and carprofen (group BUPC), buprenorphine and meloxicam (group BUPM), butorphanol and carprofen (group BUTC) or butorphanol and meloxicam (group BUTM) (n = 25 per group). Pre = before anaesthesia and surgery. 2h, 4h, 8h, 24h = 2, 4, 8 and 24 h after anaesthetic injection. No significant differences between groups. *2, 4, 8 h (all cats) significantly higher than preoperatively and 24 h (P <0.05)
Figure 3
Figure 3
Mechanical threshold [N, mean (SD)] in 100 cats undergoing ovariohysterectomy after buprenorphine and carprofen (group BUPC), buprenorphine and meloxicam (group BUPM), butorphanol and carprofen (group BUTC) or butorphanol and meloxicam (group BUTM) (n = 25 per group). Pre = before anaesthesia and surgery. 2 h, 4 h, 8 h, 24 h = 2, 4, 8 and 24 h after anaesthetic injection. No significant differences between groups. *2h (all cats) significantly higher than 4 h, 8 h and 24 h
Figure 4
Figure 4
DIVAS AUC(2–24h) in adults (>5 months old) (n = 75) and kittens (5 months old and younger) (n = 25) after ovariohysterectomy. Pre = before anaesthesia and surgery. 2 h, 4 h, 8 h, 24 h = 2, 4, 8 and 24 h after anaesthetic injection. No significant differences between groups
Figure 5
Figure 5
Mechanical threshold AUC(2–24h) in adults (>5 months old) (n = 75) and kittens (5 months old and younger) (n = 25) after ovariohysterectomy. Pre = before anaesthesia and surgery. 2 h, 4 h, 8 h, 24 h = 2, 4, 8 and 24 h after anaesthetic injection. *Adults significantly higher than kittens
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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